Waterproof, non-shrink cement (VBTS) - quick-and fast-hardening hydraulic binder, obtained by carefully mixing alumina cement, gypsum and semi-slaked lime. Start setting Minimum 1min. And end no later than 5 minutes. since zatvoreneiya. Cement used for the device torkretnoy membrane waterproofing concrete and reinforced concrete constructions, used in high humidity conditions (tunnels, foundations, etc.). Hydrophobic cement (SPC) is a result of fine grinding of Portland cement clinker with gypsum and gidrofobizuyuschey additive (asidol, naphthenate soap, oleic acid, oxidized petrolatum, residues of synthetic fatty acids, etc.). This cement has a lower water absorption, frost resistance and water resistance greater than the ordinary portland cement, can be stored for a long time, even in wet environments without loss of activity. Increased air entrainment of the cement reduces the strength of heavy concrete, however, the production of light cellular concrete, and this property plays a positive role. Concrete mixtures of hydrophobic cement are less delamination, resistant to alternate moistening and drying. Glinozemesty cement (GLTS) - fast-hardening hydraulic binder, obtained by grinding a thin burnt to the sintering or fusing the raw mix, rich in aluminum. As raw material for alumina cement using limestone or lime and rocks with a high content of alumina Al2O3, such as bauxite. The mineralogical composition of alumina cement is characterized by a high content of calcium aluminate nizkoosnovnyh, chief among which is odnokaltsievy aluminate CaO & Al2O3. Application of alumina cement is limited by its high cost. It is used for urgent repair and emergency works, works in winter, for concrete and reinforced concrete structures exposed to highly mineralized water, obtaining heat-resistant concrete, as well as expanding manufacturing and non-shrink cement. Magnesia cement (GCMs) used for the device magnesia floors, as magnesian binder, which is a free-flowing powder, the active part of which is magnesium oxide. Magnesium oxide, in turn, is a product of burning natural temperate carbonate rocks of magnesite or dolomite. Portland and its variants are the main binders in the construction. Portland cement is called a hydraulic binder, obtained thin grinding Portland cement clinker with gypsum, as well as with special additives. Portland cement clinker - a product of burning up to the sintering of finely dispersed homogeneous raw material mixture consisting of limestone and clay or some materials (marl, blast furnace slag and other). When roasting provides superior content in the clinker highly basic calcium silicate. To control the setting time of portland cement to the clinker during grinding add dvuvodny gypsum in the number of 1,5-3,5% (by weight of cement in terms of SO3). In composition distinguished: Portland cement without additives; Portland cement with mineral additives, slag Portland cement and others. Sulfate-resistant cement made from clinker mineralogical composition normalized: the clinker should be no more than 5% tricalcium aluminate and no more than 50% tricalcium silicate. Lower limit the content of tricalcium aluminate is necessary because the sulfate corrosion is caused by the interaction of sulfates in the environment, with tricalcium gidroalyuminatom cement. If the cement stone S3A is present in small quantities, it forms a small amount gidrosulfoalyuminata calcium. Then he is not dangerous, as distributed in the pores of concrete, displacing the water or air, and internal stresses in the concrete is. Sulfate-resistant cement is usually available in two grades: 300 and 400. Oil well cement - a kind of portland cement, and intended for cementing oil and gas wells. Well cement manufactured joint fine grinding of clinker and gypsum. In Russia, oil well cement produced in two forms: the so-called cold (with temperatures down to -40 ° C) and hot (up to +75 ° C) wells. Well cement used in the form of cement paste containing 40-50% water. Slag cement - the general name of cements obtained by co-grinding of granulated blast furnace slag with additives-activator (lime, Gypsum, anhydrite, etc.) or a mixture of these, separately crushed, and components. There are the following types of slag Portland cement: lime-slag containing lime and gypsum 10-30% to 5% by weight of cement and sulfate-containing slag gypsum or anhydrite 15-20% to 5% of Portland cement or lime to 2%. Slag cement is used for mortar and concrete, used primarily in underground and underwater structures. Lime-slag cement is most effective in the production of autoclave materials and products. Colored cement are based on white Portland cement clinker by joint grinding of pigments of different colors, such as ocher, iron minium, chromium oxide. You can also get colored cements by mixing white cement with pigments. Use colored cement that promotes architectural and decorative design of structures is of great importance in the industrial finishing krupnoelementnyh buildings. These cements are also used to color cement pavements, such as squares with monumental structures. In addition to these, there are some special varieties of portland cement, such as oil well, for the production of asbestos-cement products. Markings Cement Cement, as well as any other material used in construction, differ in their physical and technical characteristics, depending on the circumstances in which it expected to operate. Cement is marked by two characteristics - the ability to withstand a certain pressure and the percentage of the total volume of cement of various additives. The first parameter is denoted by the letters M or PC with standing next digit. The figure will indicate the maximum strength of quality cement. Example marking M 500 indicates that this type of cement is capable of withstanding a load of 500 kg / cm. The most popular cements marked from 350 to 500, but there are also cements with a mark of 700. The second parameter of cement, as reflected in its labeling, is the percentage of additives. It is denoted by the letter D. For example, cement labeled D20 will contain 20% of additives. This characteristic is important because the percentage of additives affects the plasticity and strength of cement. If the cement has any additional specific properties, then this indicates a special notation. As mentioned above, the most popular brands of cement are brands of 350 to 500. Consider the main characteristics and application of some of them.